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In 1951 the Southern Region starting building a new type of EMU for the suburbs of London. It was called the �EPB� because the units were equipped with Electro pneumatic brakes. The first batch of units were built to the Southern �Bulleid� design, later units were introduced in 1957 and were to BR design. Two car EPB�s were introduced in 1954 for the Newcastle to South Shields line, however in 1963 this line was de-electrified and the EPB�s moved to the Southern Region and were classified as Class 416 units. In 1985 some 2-EPB�s were moved to North London Line and were fitted with window bars. EPB�s were replaced on the Central and Western divisions by Class 455 and 456 EMU�s however they were left to continue on the Eastern division until the end of March 1995 when the final EPB was withdrawn. These days there are a couple of EPB�s on the preservation scene, one of which is at the East Kent Railway.
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