Amtrak southbound #21
at speed passing the Blacklands CO-OP Gin; formerly Granger Grain, April 9th, 2005. Photo by Mike G. Ellis,
Mesquite Belt Public Relations Department
Granger is on State Highway 95 twelve
miles north of Taylor in northeastern Williamson County. It
originated in 1882 when the Houston and San Antonio branches of the Missouri,
Kansas and Texas Railroad intersected at the site.
The log Grange hall,
lodge, and store were moved to the intersection from nearby
Macedonia. The new community, first named Pollack, was later named
for the Grange association or for John R. Granger, a Civil War
veteran.
Because Granger was in the middle of the fertile blackland area,
the railroad network made it an important cotton marketing and shipping
point. The town's first newspaper, the Granger Banner, appeared
sometime before November 1887. A post office was established in
April 1884, and banks, churches, and schools were immediately begun.
The
Georgetown and Granger Railroad Company chartered a link line on December 13,
1890, and constructed more than fifteen miles of track between the two towns in
1892 and 1893. In 1890 Granger had three churches, a college, a
hotel, and five gins. The town was incorporated in 1891.
By 1900 the population had risen to 841, and it doubled in the next ten
years. By 1910 a combined cotton compress and cottonseed oil mill,
an electric light plant, an ice factory, and a waterworks were all
built. The Granger gin was among the largest of its day in the
United States. Mark Jones opened the town's first bank in
1894. In 1912 Granger became the only town in Texas with a
population of less than 5,000 that had paved streets. The Storrs
Opera House, built by A. W. Storrs in 1905, hosted traveling shows and even
featured the Chicago Opera Company.
Czechs were attracted to the cheap,
fertile land, and by the early twentieth century Czech culture, both Catholic
and Protestant, had become strong and influential in the community.
A Czech Protestant church was first organized in Granger in 1880. A
Brethren congregation, the most important Czech Protestant church in Texas, was
established in 1892. In 1903 a convention of Brethren congregations
in Texas was held in Granger and successfully unified all the congregations into
the Evangelical Unity of Bohemian and Moravian Brethren. A Brethren
teacher-training summer school, called Hus Memorial School, was established in
Granger in 1914. It was later moved to Temple. The
Granger National Bank, opened in 1937, advertised in Czech newspapers as "your
Czech bank." Našinec, a Czech-language Catholic weekly newspaper for Texas,
began in 1914 and was still being published in 1989.
The Granger
population peaked in the mid-1920s at over 2,000 and subsequently declined
during the general exodus from rural communities to cities. In 1938
the first corn carnival south of the Mason-Dixon Line attracted 20,000
attendants to Granger. In 1981 Granger Lake, formed by a dam the San
Gabriel River, was opened to the public. The population of Granger
in 2000 it was 1,299.
Information
from The Handbook of Texas Online; a joint project of The General Libraries at
the University of Texas at Austin and the Texas State Historical Association.
www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online
Map of Granger, with GRR railroad spur to Georgetown. Map courtesy of Mapquest
